Utilization of CO2-Available Organocatalysts for Reactions with Industrially Important Epoxides

نویسندگان

چکیده

Recent knowledge in chemistry has enabled the material utilization of greenhouse gas (CO2) for production organic carbonates using mild reaction conditions. Organic carbonates, especially cyclic are applicable as green solvents, electrolytes batteries, feedstock fine chemicals and monomers polycarbonate production. This review summarizes new developments ring opening epoxides with subsequent CO2-based formation carbonates. The highlights recent major sustainable CO2 conversion from 2000 to end 2021 abstracted by Web Science. syntheses epoxides, bio-based raw materials, will be summarized, such types (vegetable oils or their esters) aim this is also summarize compare homogeneous non-metallic catalysts. three mechanisms carbonate presented, namely activation epoxide ring, dual activation. Usually most effective catalysts described literature consist powerful sources nucleophile onium salt, hydrogen bond donors tertiary amines used combine facile smooth addition closure. active catalytic systems capable activating even internal epoxidized unsaturated fatty acid derivatives cycloaddition under relatively In case terminal epichlorohydrin, diluted flue possible organocatalysts at ambient pressure.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Catalysts

سال: 2022

ISSN: ['2073-4344']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12030298